Gravitational effect of plasma particles on the shadow of Schwarzschild black holes

Abstract

Considering a Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by a fully ionized hydrogen plasma, we study the effect of the gravitational field of the plasma particles on the shadow. We take a formalism in which this effect is unified with the refractive effect of the plasma medium studied previously, but the two effects are characterized by two independent parameters. For semi-realistic values of parameters, we find their corrections to the shadow radius are both negligible, and the gravitational correction can overtake the refractive correction for active galactic nuclei of masses larger than $10^9{M}_{\odot }$. With unrealistically large values of parameters, we illustrate the two effects on the light trajectories and the intensity map.

12 pages, 4 figures, updated to match the published version

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Cited by in corpus (11)

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• The feature of shadow images and observed luminosity of the Bardeen black hole surrounded by different accretions
• Chaotic Shadows of Black Holes: A Short Review
• Shadows of Kerr black holes with a Gaussian-distributed plasma in the polar direction
• Strong deflection limit analysis of black hole lensing in inhomogeneous plasma
• Time delay induced by plasma in strong lens systems
• Exploring millicharged dark matter components from the shadows
• Deflection of light rays in a moving medium around a spherically symmetric gravitating object
• Light deflection in axially symmetric stationary spacetimes filled with a moving medium