Monolayer CrCl${}_3$ as an ideal Test Bed for the Universality Classes of 2D Magnetism

Abstract

The monolayer halides CrX${}_3$ (X=Cl, Br, I) attract significant attention for realizing 2D magnets with genuine long-range order (LRO), challenging the Mermin-Wagner theorem. Here, we show that monolayer CrCl${}_3$ has the unique benefit of exhibiting tunable magnetic anisotropy upon applying a compressive strain. This opens the possibility to use CrCl${}_3$ for producing and studying both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic 2D Ising-type LRO as well as the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) regime of 2D magnetism with quasi-LRO. Using state-of-the-art density functional theory, we explain how realistic compressive strain could be used to tune the monolayer's magnetic properties so that it could exhibit any of these phases. Building on large-scale quantum Monte Carlo simulations, we compute the phase diagram of strained CrCl${}_3$, as well as the magnon spectrum with spin-wave theory. Our results highlight the eminent suitability of monolayer CrCl${}_3$ to achieve very high BKT transition temperatures, around 50 K, due to their singular dependence on the weak easy-plane anisotropy of the material.

arXiv comment6 pages (4 figures) + 4 pages (6 figures)

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• Massless Dirac magnons in the two dimensional van der Waals honeycomb magnet CrCl3
• Exotic Magnetic and Electronic Properties of Layered CrI3 Single Crystals Under High Pressure
• Control of magnetic states and spin interactions in bilayer CrCl${}_3$ with strain and electric fields: an ab initio study
• Tunable magnon topology in monolayer CrI${}_3$ under external stimuli
• Uniaxial pressure effects in the two-dimensional van-der-Waals ferromagnet CrI${}_3$
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• Majorana zero modes in a magnetic and superconducting hybrid vortex
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• Spin Hall effect of vorticity
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• Computational Frameworks for Patterned Two-Dimensional Magnetism
• Tailored Vapor Deposition Unlocks Large-Grain, Wafer-Scale Epitaxial Growth of 2D Magnetic CrCl3