Black hole microstates vs. the additivity conjectures

Abstract

We argue that one of the following statements must be true: (a) extensive violations of quantum information theory's additivity conjectures exist or (b) there exists a set of `disentangled' black hole microstates that can account for the entire Bekenstein-Hawking entropy, up to at most a subleading $O(1)$ correction. Possibility (a) would be a significant result in quantum communication theory, demonstrating that entanglement can enhance the ability to transmit information much more than has currently been established. Option (b) would provide new insight into the microphysics of black holes. In particular, the disentangled microstates would have to have nontrivial structure at or outside the black hole horizon, assuming the validity of the quantum extremal surface prescription for calculating entanglement entropy in AdS/CFT.

arXiv comment22 pages, 4 figures

References in corpus (31)

• Holographic Derivation of Entanglement Entropy from AdS/CFT
• Average Entropy of a Subsystem
• Black holes as mirrors: quantum information in random subsystems
• Generalized gravitational entropy
• Building up spacetime with quantum entanglement
• Replica Wormholes and the Entropy of Hawking Radiation
• Complexity Equals Action
• Quantum Extremal Surfaces: Holographic Entanglement Entropy beyond the Classical Regime
• Bulk Locality and Quantum Error Correction in AdS/CFT
• Time Evolution of Entanglement Entropy from Black Hole Interiors
• Superadditivity of communication capacity using entangled inputs
• Traversable Wormholes via a Double Trace Deformation
• The Ryu-Takayanagi Formula from Quantum Error Correction
• Connes' embedding problem and Tsirelson's problem
• Black Hole Microstate Cosmology
• Approaches for approximate additivity of the Holevo information of quantum channels
• Black Holes, Information, and Hilbert Space for Quantum Gravity
• Remarks on additivity of the Holevo channel capacity and of the entanglement of formation
• On Hastings' counterexamples to the minimum output entropy additivity conjecture
• Extensive nonadditivity of privacy
• Comments on Hastings' Additivity Counterexamples
• A Critique of the Fuzzball Program
• Linearity of Holographic Entanglement Entropy
• Strong superadditivity of the entanglement of formation follows from its additivity
• Fuzzballs and the information paradox: a summary and conjectures
• The maximal p-norm multiplicativity conjecture is false
• Towards a state minimizing the output entropy of a tensor product of random quantum channels
• The minimum entropy output of a quantum channel is locally additive
• Low entropy output states for products of random unitary channels
• Geometric Rényi Divergence and its Applications in Quantum Channel Capacities
• On the minimum output entropy of random orthogonal quantum channels

Cited by in corpus (5)

• Ephemeral Islands, Plunging Quantum Extremal Surfaces and BCFT channels
• Islands in the Stream of Hawking Radiation
• Grey-body Factors, Irreversibility and Multiple Island Saddles
• Entanglement entropy and vacuum states in Schwarzschild geometry
• Additivity violation of quantum channels via strong convergence to semi-circular and circular elements