A Normal Form for Single-Qudit Clifford+$T$ Operators

Abstract

We propose a normal form for single-qudit gates composed of Clifford and $T$-gates for qudits of odd prime dimension $p\ge 5$. We prove that any single-qudit Clifford+$T$ operator can be re-expressed in this normal form in polynomial time. We also provide strong numerical evidence that this normal form is unique. Assuming uniqueness, we are able to use this normal form to provide an algorithm for exact synthesis of any single-qudit Clifford+$T$ operator with minimal $T$-count.

20 pages