Manifestation of the Berry phase in the atomic nucleus ${}^{213}$Pb

Abstract

The neutron-rich ${}^{213}$Pb isotope was produced in the fragmentation of a primary 1 GeV $A$ ${}^{238}$U beam, separated in FRS in mass and atomic number, and then implanted for isomer decay $\gamma$-ray spectroscopy with the RISING setup at GSI. A newly observed isomer and its measured decay properties indicate that states in ${}^{213}$Pb are characterized by the seniority quantum number that counts the nucleons not in pairs coupled to angular momentum $J=0$. The conservation of seniority is a consequence of the Berry phase associated with particle-hole conjugation, which becomes gauge invariant and therefore observable in semi-magic nuclei where nucleons half-fill the valence shell. The $\gamma$-ray spectroscopic observables in ${}^{213}$Pb are thus found to be driven by two mechanisms, particle-hole conjugation and seniority conservation, which are intertwined through the Berry phase.

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Cited by in corpus (2)

• Overview of Seniority Isomers
• Partial conservation of seniority in semi-magic nuclei