Long time universality of black-hole lasers

Abstract

For flowing quantum gases, it has been found that at long times an initial black-hole laser (BHL) configuration exhibits only two possible states: the ground state or a periodic self-oscillating state of continuous emission of solitons. So far, all the works on this subject are based on a highly idealized model, quite difficult to implement experimentally. Here we study the instability spectrum and the time evolution of a recently proposed realistic model of a BHL, thus providing a useful theoretical tool for the clear identification of black-hole lasing in future experiments. We further confirm the existence of a well-defined phase diagram at long times, which bespeaks universality in the long-time behavior of a BHL. Additionally, we develop a complementary model in which the same potential profile is applied to a subsonic homogeneous flowing condensate that, despite not forming a BHL, evolves towards the same phase diagram as the associated BHL model. This result reveals an even stronger form of robustness in the long-time behavior with respect to the transient, which goes beyond what has been described in the previous literature.

14 pages, 8 figures. Final version of the manuscript

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Cited by in corpus (8)

• On the existence of steady-state black hole analogues in finite quasi-one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates
• Understanding superradiant phenomena with synthetic vector potentials in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates
• Confirmation of stimulated Hawking radiation, but not of black hole lasing
• The BHL-BCL crossover: from nonlinear to linear quantum amplification
• Continuous time crystal from a spontaneous many-body Floquet state
• Simultaneous symmetry breaking in spontaneous Floquet states: temporal Floquet-Nambu-Goldstone modes, Floquet thermodynamics, and the time operator
• Observation of self-oscillating supersonic flow across an acoustic horizon in two dimensions
• Time Crystal from Self-Amplification of Spontaneous Analog Hawking Radiation