Deciphering Solar Magnetic Activity: 140 Years Of The `Extended Solar Cycle' -- Mapping the Hale Cycle
arXiv:2010.06048 · doi:10.1007/s11207-021-01938-7
Abstract
We investigate the occurrence of the "extended solar cycle" (ESC) as it occurs in a host observational data spanning 140 years. Investigating coronal, chromospheric, photospheric and interior diagnostics we develop a consistent picture of solar activity migration linked to the 22-year Hale (magnetic) cycle using superposed epoch analysis (SEA) using previously identified Hale cycle termination events as the key time for the SEA. Our analysis shows that the ESC and Hale cycle, as highlighted by the terminator-keyed SEA, is strongly recurrent throughout the entire observational record studied, some 140 years. Applying the same SEA method to the sunspot record confirms that Maunder's butterfly pattern is a subset of the underlying Hale cycle, strongly suggesting that the production of sunspots is not the fundamental feature of the Hale cycle, but the ESC is. The ESC (and Hale cycle) pattern highlights the importance of 55\degree\ latitude in the evolution, and possible production, of solar magnetism.
29 pages, 15 figures. Movies of Fig.14 panels available on request to [email protected]. Submitted to Solar Physics
References in corpus (8)
- Flux-transport dynamos with Lorentz force feedback on differential rotation and meridional flow: Saturation mechanism and torsional oscillations
- The Mount Wilson Observatory S-index of the Sun
- The Starspots of HAT-P-11: Evidence for a Solar-like Dynamo
- Deciphering Solar Magnetic Activity I: On The Relationship Between The Sunspot Cycle And The Evolution Of Small Magnetic Features
- What the sudden death of solar cycles can tell us about the nature of the solar interior
- Forecasting the Maxima of Solar Cycle 24 with Coronal Fe XIV Emission
- Identifying Potential Markers of the Sun's Giant Convective Scale
- The Extended Solar Cycle Tracked High into the Corona