On a variance associated with the distribution of $r_3(n)$ in arithmetic progressions

Abstract

There are two questions in analytic number theory which have attracted much attention over the years. The first one is about the asymptotic formula for the variance associated with the distribution of a real sequence in arithmetic progressions, which origins in the work of Barban. The second one is about the function $r_3(n)$, the number of ordered representation of $n$ in the sum of three positive cubes, and several results are recently proved by Robert C. Vaughan. The paper is concerned with the conjunction of these questions, with the application of the Hardy-Littlewood Method and the Farey sequence.