Dense packings of hard circular arcs

Abstract

This work investigates dense packings of congruent hard infinitesimally--thin circular arcs in the two-dimensional Euclidean space. It focuses on those denotable as major whose subtended angle $\theta \in \left(\pi ,2\pi \right]$. Differently than those denotable as minor whose subtended angle $\theta \in \left[0,\pi \right]$, it is impossible for two hard infinitesimally-thin circular arcs with $\theta \in \left(\pi ,2\pi \right]$ to arbitrarily closely approach once they are arranged in a configuration, e.g. on top of one another, replicable ad infinitum without introducing any overlap. This makes these hard concave particles, in spite of being infinitesimally thin, most densely pack with a finite number density. This raises the question as to what are these densest packings and what is the number density that they achieve. Supported by Monte Carlo numerical simulations, this work shows that one can analytically construct compact closed circular groups of hard major circular arcs in which a specific, $\theta$-dependent, number of them (anti-)clockwise intertwine. These compact closed circular groups then arrange on a triangular lattice. These analytically constructed densest-known packings are compared to corresponding results of Monte Carlo numerical simulations to assess whether they can spontaneously turn up.

arXiv comment9 pages, 9 figures; to be published in Physical Review E

References in corpus (7)

• Jammed Hard-Particle Packings: From Kepler to Bernal and Beyond
• Dense Packings of the Platonic and Archimedean Solids
• Dense Packings of Polyhedra: Platonic and Archimedean Solids
• Basic Understanding of Condensed Phases of Matter via Packing Models
• Dense Packings of Superdisks and the Role of Symmetry
• Hard-body models of bulk liquid crystals
• Maximally dense packings of two-dimensional convex and concave noncircular particles

Cited by in corpus (4)

• The effect of combined roundness and polydispersity on the phase behavior of hard-rectangle fluids
• The Excluded Area of Superellipse Sector Particles
• Prediction of the liquid-crystal phase behavior of hard right triangles from fourth-virial density-functional theories
• Phase behavior of hard circular arcs