More quantum noise from wormholes

Abstract

For black hole evaporation to be unitary, the naive density matrix of Hawking radiation needs to be corrected with a sprinkling of pseudorandom "noise." Using wormholes, semiclassical gravity appears to describe an averaged "true random" theory of this noise. We discuss the wormholes in dilaton gravity theories with matter. They are classical solutions that depend on a small amount of backreaction from matter fields, and they are closely related to the wormholes that give the Page curve.

15 pages plus appendices

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• Gravitational Constrained Instantons
• Gravity factorized
• Looking at supersymmetric black holes for a very long time
• Wormholes without averaging
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• Jackiw-Teitelboim Gravity in the Second Order Formalism
• Islands with Gravitating Baths: Towards ER = EPR
• Homology Conditions for RT Surfaces in Double Holography
• Supergroup Structure of Jackiw-Teitelboim Supergravity
• The Entanglement Wedge of Unknown Couplings
• Closed universes in two dimensional gravity
• Holevo Information and Ensemble Theory of Gravity
• Holographic boundary actions in AdS${}_3$/CFT${}_2$ revisited
• Baby Universes and Worldline Field Theories
• Entanglement between two gravitating universes
• Microstructure in matrix elements
• Comments on wormholes and factorization
• Entanglement entropy and vacuum states in Schwarzschild geometry
• The refined quantum extremal surface prescription from the asymptotic equipartition property
• Wormholes from Averaging over States
• Gravity without averaging
• Wormhole calculus without averaging from $O(N{)}^{q-1}$ tensor model
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• Ensemble averages, Poisson processes and Microstates
• Concerns about the replica wormhole derivation of the island conjecture
• Factorizing Wormholes in a Partially Disorder-Averaged SYK Model
• Random Circuits in the Black Hole Interior
• Baby universes, ensemble averages and factorizations with matters
• A universal sum over topologies in 3d gravity