Fully Arbitrary Control of Frequency-Bin Qubits

Abstract

Accurate control of two-level systems is a longstanding problem in quantum mechanics. One such quantum system is the frequency-bin qubit: a single photon existing in superposition of two discrete frequency modes. %and a potential building block for scalable, fiber-compatible quantum information processing. In this work, we demonstrate fully arbitrary control of frequency-bin qubits in a quantum frequency processor for the first time. We numerically establish optimal settings for multiple configurations of electro-optic phase modulators and pulse shapers, experimentally confirming near-unity mode-transformation fidelity for all fundamental rotations. Performance at the single-photon level is validated through the rotation of a single frequency-bin qubit to 41 points spread over the entire Bloch sphere, as well as tracking of the state path followed by the output of a tunable frequency beamsplitter, with Bayesian tomography confirming state fidelities ${\mathcal{F}}_{\rho }>0.98$ for all cases. Such high-fidelity transformations expand the practical potential of frequency encoding in quantum communications, offering exceptional precision and low noise in general qubit manipulation.

9 pages, 7 figures

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Cited by in corpus (28)

• A Reconfigurable Quantum Local Area Network Over Deployed Fiber
• Bayesian tomography of high-dimensional on-chip biphoton frequency combs with randomized measurements
• Frequency-bin entanglement from domain-engineered down-conversion
• Piezoelectric actuation for integrated photonics
• Temporal distinguishability in Hong-Ou-Mandel interference: Generation and characterization of high-dimensional frequency entanglement
• Generation and characterization of ultrabroadband polarization-frequency hyperentangled photons
• High-Dimensional Entanglement for Quantum Communication in the Frequency Domain
• Linear Optical Quantum Computation with Frequency-Comb Qubits and Passive Devices
• Frequency-bin entanglement-based quantum key distribution
• Spatiotemporal single-photon Airy bullets
• High-dimensional quantum key distribution using a multi-plane light converter
• Complete frequency-bin Bell basis synthesizer
• Improving application performance with biased distributions of quantum states
• Characterization of Quantum Frequency Processors
• Data-Centric Machine Learning in Quantum Information Science
• On-chip frequency-bin quantum photonics
• Design Methodologies for Integrated Quantum Frequency Processors
• Hyper-entanglement between pulse modes and frequency bins
• Nonlocal subpicosecond delay metrology using spectral quantum interference
• Building a controlled-NOT gate between polarization and frequency
• Non-Gaussian photonic state engineering with the quantum frequency processor
• Ion-Photonic Frequency Qubit Correlations for Quantum Networks
• Demonstration of machine-learning-enhanced Bayesian quantum state estimation
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• Discrete and parallel frequency-bin entanglement generation from quantum frequency comb