Whistler Waves and Electron Properties in the Inner Heliosphere: Helios Observations

Abstract

We present the analysis of narrowband whistler wave signatures observed in the inner heliosphere (0.3-1 au). These signatures are bumps in the spectral density in the 10-200 Hz frequency range of the AC magnetic field as measured by the search coil magnetometer on board the Helios1 spacecraft. We show that the majority of whistler signatures are observed in the slow solar wind (<500 km/s) and their occurrence increases with the radial distance (R), from ~3% at 0.3 au to ~10% at 0.9 au. In the fast solar wind (>600 km/s), whistler activity is significantly lower; whistler signatures start to appear for R > 0.6 au and their number increases from ~0.03% at 0.65 au to ~1% at 0.9 au. We have studied the variation of the electron core and halo anisotropy, as well as the electron normalized heat flux as a function of R and of the solar wind speed. We find that, in the slow wind electron core and halo anisotropy is higher than in fast one, and also that these anisotropies increase radially in both types of winds, which is in line with the occurrence of whistler signatures. We hypothesize the existence of a feedback mechanism to explain the observed radial variations of the occurrence of whistlers in relation with the halo anisotropy.

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• Quantifying the diffusion of suprathermal electrons by whistler waves between 0.2 and 1 AU with Solar Orbiter and Parker Solar Probe
• Whistler waves in the young solar wind: statistics of amplitude and propagation direction from Parker Solar Probe Encounters 1-11
• Reconstruction of Polarization Properties of Whistler Waves From Two Magnetic and Two Electric Field Components: Application to Parker Solar Probe Measurements
• Particle-In-Cell Simulations of Sunward and Anti-sunward Whistler Waves in the Solar Wind
• Parker Solar Probe evidence for the absence of whistlers close to the Sun to scatter strahl and regulate heat flux
• Ambipolar electric field and potential in the solar wind estimated from electron velocity distribution functions