A fast particle-mesh simulation of non-linear cosmological structure formation with massive neutrinos

Abstract

Quasi-N-body simulations, such as FastPM, provide a fast way to simulate cosmological structure formation, but have yet to adequately include the effects of massive neutrinos. We present a method to include neutrino particles in FastPM, enabling computation of the CDM and total matter power spectra to percent-level accuracy in the non-linear regime. The CDM-neutrino cross-power can also be computed at a sufficient accuracy to constrain cosmological observables. To avoid the shot noise that typically plagues neutrino particle simulations, we employ a quasi-random algorithm to sample the relevant Fermi-Dirac distribution when setting the initial neutrino thermal velocities. We additionally develop an effective distribution function to describe a set of non-degenerate neutrinos as a single particle to speed up non-degenerate simulations. The simulation is accurate for the full range of physical interest, $M_{\nu }\lesssim 0.6$eV, and applicable to redshifts $z\lesssim 2$. Such accuracy can be achieved by initializing particles with the two-fluid approximation transfer functions (using the REPS package). Convergence can be reached in $\sim 25$ steps, with a starting redshift of $z=99$. Probing progressively smaller scales only requires an increase in the number of CDM particles being simulated, while the number of neutrino particles can remain fixed at a value less than or similar to the number of CDM particles. In turn, the percentage increase in runtime-per-step due to neutrino particles is between $\sim 5-20\%$ for runs with $1024^3$ CDM particles, and decreases as the number of CDM particles is increased. The code has been made publicly available, providing an invaluable resource to produce fast predictions for cosmological surveys and studying reconstruction.

arXiv comment20 pages, 8 figures, 1 table. Code available at https://github.com/fastpm/fastpm

References in corpus (89)

• The cosmological simulation code GADGET-2
• HEALPix -- a Framework for High Resolution Discretization, and Fast Analysis of Data Distributed on the Sphere
• Evidence for oscillation of atmospheric neutrinos
• Efficient Computation of CMB anisotropies in closed FRW models
• The clustering of galaxies in the completed SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: cosmological analysis of the DR12 galaxy sample
• Direct Evidence for Neutrino Flavor Transformation from Neutral-Current Interactions in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory
• Observation of electron-antineutrino disappearance at Daya Bay
• Stable clustering, the halo model and nonlinear cosmological power spectra
• Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: Cosmological Constraints from Galaxy Clustering and Weak Lensing
• Revising the Halofit Model for the Nonlinear Matter Power Spectrum
• Measurement of Neutrino Oscillation with KamLAND: Evidence of Spectral Distortion
• Massive neutrinos and cosmology
• Cosmological parameter analysis including SDSS Ly-alpha forest and galaxy bias: constraints on the primordial spectrum of fluctuations, neutrino mass, and dark energy
• Cosmology and Fundamental Physics with the Euclid Satellite
• Power Spectra for Cold Dark Matter and its Variants
• The SDSS-IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: Overview and Early Data
• A 2% Distance to z=0.35 by Reconstructing Baryon Acoustic Oscillations - I : Methods and Application to the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• Measurement of Neutrino Oscillation by the K2K Experiment
• Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: Cosmological Constraints from Cosmic Shear
• Status of neutrino oscillations 2018: first hint for normal mass ordering and improved CP sensitivity
• Improving Cosmological Distance Measurements by Reconstruction of the Baryon Acoustic Peak
• An improved upper limit on the neutrino mass from a direct kinematic method by KATRIN
• Measurement of areas on a sphere using Fibonacci and latitude-longitude lattices
• The Cosmological Analysis of the SDSS/BOSS data from the Effective Field Theory of Large-Scale Structure
• Weighing Neutrinos with Galaxy Surveys
• Solving Large Scale Structure in Ten Easy Steps with COLA
• The Quijote simulations
• Massive Neutrinos and the Non-linear Matter Power Spectrum
• Neutrino masses and cosmology with Lyman-alpha forest power spectrum
• DESI and other dark energy experiments in the era of neutrino mass measurements
• nbodykit: an open-source, massively parallel toolkit for large-scale structure
• Cosmological Constraints from Galaxy Clusters in the 2500 square-degree SPT-SZ Survey
• The effect of neutrinos on the matter distribution as probed by the Intergalactic Medium
• Determining Neutrino Mass from the CMB Alone
• FastPM: a new scheme for fast simulations of dark matter and halos
• The Coyote Universe III: Simulation Suite and Precision Emulator for the Nonlinear Matter Power Spectrum
• Cosmology with massive neutrinos II: on the universality of the halo mass function and bias
• DEMNUni: The clustering of large-scale structures in the presence of massive neutrinos
• Euclid preparation: II. The EuclidEmulator -- A tool to compute the cosmology dependence of the nonlinear matter power spectrum
• Constraints on neutrino masses from Lyman-alpha forest power spectrum with BOSS and XQ-100
• Cosmological Parameters and Neutrino Masses from the Final Planck and Full-Shape BOSS Data
• Cosmology with massive neutrinos I: towards a realistic modeling of the relation between matter, haloes and galaxies
• An efficient implementation of massive neutrinos in non-linear structure formation simulations
• Updated results on neutrino mass and mass hierarchy from cosmology with Planck 2018 likelihoods
• Impact of massive neutrinos on nonlinear matter power spectrum
• Cosmology with massive neutrinos III: the halo mass function and an application to galaxy clusters
• The Aemulus Project I: Numerical Simulations for Precision Cosmology
• The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Two-Season ACTPol Lensing Power Spectrum
• Cosmological constraints in extended parameter space from the Planck 2018 Legacy release
• The Aemulus Project III: Emulation of the Galaxy Correlation Function
• Constraint on neutrino masses from SDSS-III/BOSS Ly$\alpha$ forest and other cosmological probes
• The clustering of galaxies in the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: Signs of neutrino mass in current cosmological datasets
• Simulating nonlinear cosmological structure formation with massive neutrinos
• Grid Based Linear Neutrino Perturbations in Cosmological N-body Simulations
• Towards optimal extraction of cosmological information from nonlinear data
• Cosmic Emulation: Fast Predictions for the Galaxy Power Spectrum
• The imprint of neutrinos on clustering in redshift-space
• Initial Conditions for Accurate N-Body Simulations of Massive Neutrino Cosmologies
• Massive Neutrinos in Cosmology: Analytic Solutions and Fluid Approximation
• Resolving Cosmic Neutrino Structure: A Hybrid Neutrino N-body Scheme
• Cosmological Reconstruction From Galaxy Light: Neural Network Based Light-Matter Connection
• Cosmology from the Thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Power Spectrum: Primordial non-Gaussianity and Massive Neutrinos
• DEMNUni: ISW, Rees-Sciama, and weak-lensing in the presence of massive neutrinos
• Relativistic N-body simulations with massive neutrinos
• Super-resolution emulator of cosmological simulations using deep physical models
• An Efficient and Accurate Hybrid Method for Simulating Non-Linear Neutrino Structure
• CMB Lensing Constraints on Neutrinos and Dark Energy
• Weighing neutrinos with cosmic neutral hydrogen
• Constraints on massive neutrinos from the pairwise kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect
• Cosmological neutrino simulations at extreme scale
• Fundamental Physics from Future Weak-Lensing Calibrated Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Galaxy Cluster Counts
• Cosmology with galaxy-galaxy lensing on non-perturbative scales: Emulation method and application to BOSS LOWZ
• Reducing Noise in Cosmological N-body Simulations with Neutrinos
• COLA with massive neutrinos
• $\nu \mathrm{CO}N\mathrm{CEPT}$: Cosmological neutrino simulations from the non-linear Boltzmann hierarchy
• How to add massive neutrinos to your $\Lambda$CDM simulation -- extending cosmology rescaling algorithms
• A Lagrangian Perturbation Theory in the presence of massive neutrinos
• Relativistic initial conditions for N-body simulations
• Very High Angular Resolution Science with the Square Kilometre Array
• A gradient based method for modeling baryons and matter in halos of fast simulations
• Redshift-space distortions in massive neutrino and evolving dark energy cosmologies
• Exploring the posterior surface of the large scale structure reconstruction
• Efficient Optimal Reconstruction of Linear Fields and Band-powers from Cosmological Data
• Forecast for weighing neutrinos in cosmology with SKA
• Fast simulations of cosmic large-scale structure with massive neutrinos
• Efficient calculation of cosmological neutrino clustering with both linear and non-linear gravity
• Cosmic neutrinos: dispersive and non-linear
• The kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect of the large-scale structure (I): dependence on neutrino mass
• Momentum space sampling of neutrinos in $N$-body simulations

Cited by in corpus (26)

• Large-scale dark matter simulations
• Detecting Neutrino Mass by Combining Matter Clustering, Halos, and Voids
• The GIGANTES dataset: precision cosmology from voids in the machine learning era
• Aemulus $\nu$: Precise Predictions for Matter and Biased Tracer Power Spectra in the Presence of Neutrinos
• Clustering in Massive Neutrino Cosmologies via Eulerian Perturbation Theory
• Beware of Fake $\nu$s: The Effect of Massive Neutrinos on the Nonlinear Evolution of Cosmic Structure
• The DESI $N$-body Simulation Project -- II. Suppressing sample variance with fast simulations
• One line to run them all: SuperEasy massive neutrino linear response in $N$-body simulations
• Joint velocity and density reconstruction of the Universe with nonlinear differentiable forward modeling
• Super-sample covariance of the power spectrum, bispectrum, halos, voids, and their cross covariances
• Non-thermal Hot Dark Matter from Inflaton/Moduli Decay: The Momentum Distribution and Relaxing the Cosmological Mass Bound
• Signatures of Light Massive Relics on nonlinear structure formation
• A Minimal Model for Massive Neutrinos in Newtonian N-body Simulations
• Improving initialization and evolution accuracy of cosmological neutrino simulations
• BullFrog: Multi-step perturbation theory as a time integrator for cosmological simulations
• The HalfDome Multi-Survey Cosmological Simulations: N-body Simulations
• Hybrid multi-fluid-particle simulations of the cosmic neutrino background
• Significance of void shape: Neutrino mass from Voronoi void halos?
• Revisiting coupled CDM-massive neutrino perturbations in diverse cosmological backgrounds
• Perturbation-theory informed integrators for cosmological simulations
• Massive $\nu$s through the CNN lens: interpreting the field-level neutrino mass information in weak lensing
• Neutrinos in N-body simulations
• The Power of the Cosmic Web
• Simulation budgeting for hybrid effective field theories
• Fast Baryonic Field Painting for Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Analyses: Transfer Function vs. Hybrid Effective Field Theory
• Slow neutrinos: non-linearity and momentum-space emulation