Spontaneous generation of vortices by a nonuniform Zeeman field in a two-dimensional Rashba coupled superconductor

Abstract

The interplay of the electron exchange interaction and spin-orbit coupling results in spontaneous supercurrents near magnetic insulator islands, which are placed on the top of a two-dimensional (2D) superconductor, and whose magnetization is parallel to 2D electron gas. It is shown that in contrast to the well studied situation, where such an effect involves only topologically trivial spatial variations of the superconducting order parameter, one should take into account supercurrent vortices. The latter are spontaneously generated around the island's boundary of an arbitrary shape and result in screening of the Zeeman field. This problem has been considered for electrons subject to a strong Rashba spin-orbit coupling, including Dirac systems as well. In the latter case vortices can carry Majorana zero modes.

arXiv comment8 pages and 2 figures

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• Hybrid helical state and superconducting diode effect in S/F/TI heterostructures
• Magnetoelectric effects in Josephson junctions
• Anatomy of Spin and Current Generation from Magnetization Gradients in Topological Insulators and Rashba Metals
• Anomalous currents and spontaneous vortices in spin-orbit coupled superconductors
• Perspectives on Magnetic/Superconductor Hybrid Systems: Long-range Electromagnetic Phenomena Induced by Proximity Effect and Interfacial Spin-orbit Coupling
• Hybrid collective excitations in topological superconductor/ferromagnetic insulator heterostructures