Formation and growth of skyrmion crystal phase in a frustrated Heisenberg antiferromagnet with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction

Abstract

We study the formation and growth of a skyrmion crystal (SkX) phase in a frustrated antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on a triangular lattice with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) in the presence of an external magnetic field. We build phase diagrams in the temperature-field parameter plane, featuring first-order phase transitions and tricritical points, and study their evolution with the increasing DMI strength. It is found that already relatively small DMI intensity can lead to the appearance of the SkX phase at low temperatures in the vicinity of the meeting point of the remaining helical, coplanar up-up-down, and vortical-like ordered phases. By means of a parallel tempering (PT) Monte Carlo algorithm we find that the minimum value of DMI, at which the skyrmion phase emerges, $D_t\approx 0.02$, is one order of magnitude smaller then previously reported. We demonstrate the efficiency of PT in reliable and precise location of the phase boundaries between different phases separated by either very large (strong first-order transition) or barely detectable energy barriers, where the standard Monte Carlo approach may easily fail to find a stable solution.

arXiv comment22 pages, 9 figures

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• Stability of skyrmion crystal phase in antiferromagnetic triangular lattice with DMI and single-ion anisotropy
• Frustrated Antiferromagnetic Triangular Lattice with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction: Ground States, Spin Waves, Skyrmion Crystal, Phase Transition
• Observation of robust zero-energy state and enhanced superconducting gap in a tri-layer heterostructure of MnTe/Bi2Te3/Fe(Te, Se)
• Road to zero-field antiferromagnetic skyrmions in a frustrated AFM/FM heterostructure
• Frustration-driven topological textures on the honeycomb lattice: antiferromagnetic meron-antimeron and skyrmion crystals emerging from spiral spin liquids
• Momentum-space theory for topological magnons in 2D ferromagnetic skyrmion lattices
• Skyrmionic qubits stabilized by Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction as platforms for qubits and quantum gates