Chiral phase structure of three flavor QCD in a background magnetic field

Abstract

We investigate the chiral phase structure of three flavor QCD in a background $U(1)$ magnetic field using the standard staggered action and the Wilson plaquette gauge action. We perform simulations on lattices with a temporal extent of $N_{\tau }=4$ and four spatial extents of $N_{\sigma }=8,16,20$ and 24. We choose a smaller-than-physical quark mass in lattice spacing as $am=0.030$ such that there exists a crossover transition at vanishing magnetic fields, and adopt two values of magnetic field strength in lattice spacing $a\sqrt{eB}\simeq 1.5$ and 2. We find that the transition becomes stronger in the presence of a background magnetic field, and turns into a first order as seen from the volume scaling of the order parameter susceptibility as well as the metastable states in the time history of the chiral condensate. On the other hand, the chiral condensate and transition temperature always increase with $B$ even within the regime of a first order phase transition. This suggests that the discrepancy in the behavior of chiral condensates and transition temperature as a function of $B$ between earlier lattice studies using larger-than-physical pion masses with standard staggered fermions and those using physical pions with improved staggered fermions is mainly due to lattice cutoff effects.

23 pages, 9 figures

References in corpus (6)

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• QCD Phase Transition in a Strong Magnetic Background
• The QCD equation of state in background magnetic fields
• Chiral Properties of Strong Interactions in a Magnetic Background
• On the existence of the critical point in finite density lattice QCD
• Magnetic field effects on the static quark potential at zero and finite temperature