Spin-polarized superconductivity: order parameter topology, current dissipation, and multiple-period Josephson effect

Abstract

We discuss transport properties of fully spin-polarized triplet superconductors, where only electrons of one spin component (along a certain axis) are paired. Due to the structure of the order parameter space, wherein phase and spin rotations are intertwined, a configuration where the superconducting phase winds by $4\pi$ in space is topologically equivalent to a configuration with no phase winding. This opens the possibility of supercurrent relaxation by a smooth deformation of the order parameter, where the order parameter remains non-zero at any point in space throughout the entire process. During the process, a spin texture is formed. We discuss the conditions for such processes to occur and their physical consequences. In particular, we show that when a voltage is applied, they lead to an unusual alternating-current Josephson effect whose period is an integer multiple of the usual Josephson period. These conclusions are substantiated in a simple time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau model for the dynamics of the order parameter. One of the potential applications of our analysis is for moiré systems, such as twisted bilayer and double bilayer graphene, where superconductivity is found in the vicinity of ferromagnetism.

arXiv comment12+7 pages, 6 figures

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• Coulomb screening and thermodynamic measurements in magic-angle twisted trilayer graphene
• In-plane critical magnetic fields in magic-angle twisted trilayer graphene
• Pairing symmetry of twisted bilayer graphene: a phenomenological synthesis
• New mechanism and exact theory of superconductivity from strong repulsive interaction
• Stabilizing fluctuating spin-triplet superconductivity in graphene via induced spin-orbit coupling
• Symmetry constraints on superconductivity in twisted bilayer graphene: Fractional vortices, $4e$ condensates or non-unitary pairing
• Re-entrant Superconductivity Through a Quantum Lifshitz Transition in Twisted Trilayer Graphene
• Vortex-driven superconducting diode effect in asymmetric multilayer heterostructures
• Current-driven motion of magnetic topological defects in ferromagnetic superconductors
• Family of multilayer graphene superconductors with tunable chirality: Momentum-space vortices nucleated by a ring of Berry curvature