Relativistic frame-dragging and the Hong-Ou-Mandel dip $-$ a primitive to gravitational effects in multi-photon quantum-interference

Abstract

We investigate the Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect $-$ a two-photon quantum-interference effect $-$ in the space-time of a rotating spherical mass. In particular, we analyze a common-path HOM setup restricted to the surface of the earth and show that, in principle, general-relativistic frame-dragging induces observable shifts in the HOM dip. For completeness and correspondence with current literature, we also analyze the emergence of gravitational time-dilation effects in HOM interference, for a dual-arm configuration. The formalism thus presented establishes a basis for encoding general-relativistic effects into local, multi-photon, quantum-interference experiments. Demonstration of these instances would signify genuine observations of quantum and general relativistic effects, in tandem, and would also extend the domain of validity of general relativity, to the arena of quantized electromagnetic fields.

14 pages, 6 figures. Comments are welcome

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• Global Time Distribution via Satellite-Based Sources of Entangled Photons
• Quantum effects in rotating reference frames
• Measuring space-time curvature using maximally path-entangled quantum states
• Quantum switch in the gravity of Earth
• Zeptosecond-scale single-photon gyroscope
• Generating quantum non-local entanglement with mechanical rotations
• Momentum-resolved two photon interference of weak coherent states
• Observer dependence of photon bunching: The influence of the relativistic redshift on Hong-Ou-Mandel interference