Thermal resistivity and hydrodynamics of the degenerate electron fluid in antimony

Abstract

Detecting hydrodynamic fingerprints in the flow of electrons in solids constitutes a dynamic field of investigation in contemporary condensed matter physics. Most attention has been focused on the regime near the degeneracy temperature when the thermal velocity can present a spatially modulated profile. Here, we report on the observation of a hydrodynamic feature in the flow of quasi-ballistic degenerate electrons in bulk antimony. By scrutinizing the temperature dependence of thermal and electric resistivities, we detect a size-dependent departure from the Wiedemann-Franz law, unexpected in the momentum-relaxing picture of transport. This observation finds a natural explanation in the hydrodynamic picture, where upon warming, momentum-conserving collisions reduce quadratically in temperature both viscosity and thermal diffusivity. This effect has been established theoretically and experimentally in normal-state liquid ${}^3$He. The comparison of electrons in antimony and fermions in ${}^3$He paves the way to a quantification of momentum-conserving fermion-fermion collision rate in different Fermi liquids.

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• Electron-electron and electron-phonon collision cross sections in CsV3Sb5
• Tunable viscous layers in Corbino geometry using density junctions
• Transverse voltage in anisotropic hydrodynamic conductors
• On the dynamic distinguishability of nodal quasi-particles in overdoped cuprates