Schellekens' List and the Very Strange Formula

Abstract

In 1993 Schellekens proved that the weight-one space $V_1$ of a strongly rational, holomorphic vertex operator algebra $V$ of central charge 24 must be one of 71 Lie algebras. During the following three decades, in a combined effort by many authors, it was proved that each of these Lie algebras is realised by such a vertex operator algebra and that, except for $V_1=\{0\}$, this vertex operator algebra is uniquely determined by $V_1$. In this paper we give a fundamentally different, simpler proof of Schellekens' list of 71 Lie algebras. Using the dimension formula in arXiv:1910.04947 and Kac's "very strange formula" we show that every strongly rational, holomorphic vertex operator algebra $V$ of central charge 24 with $V_1\ne \{0\}$ can be obtained by an orbifold construction from the Leech lattice vertex operator algebra $V_{\Lambda }$. This suffices to restrict the possible Lie algebras that can occur as weight-one space of $V$ to the 71 of Schellekens. Moreover, the fact that each strongly rational, holomorphic vertex operator algebra $V$ of central charge 24 comes from the Leech lattice $\Lambda$ can be used to classify these vertex operator algebras by studying properties of the Leech lattice. We demonstrate this for 43 of the 70 non-zero Lie algebras on Schellekens' list, omitting those cases that are too computationally expensive.

28 pages, LaTeX; minor changes, Sections 4 and 5 swapped; to appear in Adv. Math

References in corpus (3)

• Systematic Orbifold Constructions of Schellekens' Vertex Operator Algebras from Niemeier Lattices
• Integrability of C_2-cofinite vertex operator algebras
• On the Genus of the Moonshine Module

Cited by in corpus (12)

• Classification of chiral fermionic CFTs of central charge $\le 16$
• Bosonic Rational Conformal Field Theories in Small Genera, Chiral Fermionization, and Symmetry/Subalgebra Duality
• Classification of Unitary RCFTs with Two Primaries and Central Charge Less Than 25
• Systematic Orbifold Constructions of Schellekens' Vertex Operator Algebras from Niemeier Lattices
• Two-dimensional conformal field theory, full vertex algebra and current-current deformation
• Holomorphic CFTs and topological modular forms
• Automorphism groups and uniqueness of holomorphic vertex operator algebras of central charge $24$
• Unitary forms for holomorphic vertex operator algebras of central charge $24$
• A Geometric Classification of the Holomorphic Vertex Operator Algebras of Central Charge 24
• Unitarity and strong graded locality of holomorphic vertex operator superalgebras with central charge at most 24
• Orbifold construction and Lorentzian construction of Leech lattice vertex operator algebra
• Vertex Algebras and Commutative Algebras