Dual formulations of Polyakov loop lattice models

Abstract

Dual representations are constructed for non-abelian lattice spin models with U(N) and SU(N) symmetry groups, for all N and in any dimension. These models are usually related to the effective models describing the interaction between Polyakov loops in the strong coupled QCD. The original spin degrees of freedom are explicitly integrated out and a dual theory appears to be a local theory for the dual integer-valued variables. The construction is performed for the partition function and for the most general correlation function. The latter include the two-point function corresponding to quark-anti-quark free energy and the N-point function related to the free energy of a baryon. We consider both pure gauge models and models with static fermion determinant for both the staggered and Wilson fermions with an arbitrary number of flavours. While the Boltzmann weights of such models are complex in the presence of non-zero chemical potential the dual Boltzmann weights appear to be strictly positive on admissible configurations. An essential part of this work with respect to previous studies is an extension of the dual representation to the case of 1) an arbitrary value of the temporal coupling constant in the Wilson action and 2) an arbitrary number of flavours of static quark determinants. The applications and extensions of the results are discussed in detail. In particular, we outline a possible approach to Monte-Carlo simulations of the dual theory, to the large N expansion and to the development of a tensor renormalization group.

37 pages, 1 figure

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• Dual simulation of a Polyakov loop model at finite baryon density: phase diagram and local observables
• The large N limit of SU(N) integrals in lattice models
• The Polyakov loop models in the large N limit: Phase diagram at finite density
• Strong coupling methods in QCD thermodynamics
• Duals of lattice Abelian models with static determinant at finite density
• Lattice gauge theories in the strong coupling and static limits as a sign-problem-free Ising model