Solutions of diophantine equations as periodic points of $p$-adic algebraic functions, III

Abstract

All the periodic points of a certain algebraic function related to the Rogers-Ramanujan continued fraction $r(\tau )$ are determined. They turn out to be $0,\frac{-1\pm \sqrt{5}}{2}$, and the conjugates over $\mathbb{Q}$ of the values $r(w_d/5)$, where $w_d$ is one of a specific set of algebraic integers, divisible by the square of a prime divisor of 5, in the field $K_d=\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-d})$, as $-d$ ranges over all negative quadratic discriminants for which $\left(\frac{-d}{5}\right)=+1$. This yields new insights on class numbers of orders in the fields $K_d$. Conjecture 1 of Part I is proved for the prime $p=5$, showing that the ring class fields over fields of type $K_d$ whose conductors are relatively prime to $5$ coincide with the fields generated over $\mathbb{Q}$ by the periodic points (excluding -1) of a fixed $5$-adic algebraic function.

38 pages