Constraining sterile neutrinos by core-collapse supernovae with multiple detectors

Abstract

The eV-scale sterile neutrino has been proposed to explain some anomalous results in experiments, \textit{such as} the deficit of reactor neutrino fluxes and the excess of $\barν_μ\to\barν_e$ in LSND. This hypothesis can be tested by future core-collapse supernova neutrino detection independently since the active-sterile mixing scheme affects the flavor conversion of neutrinos inside the supernova. In this work, we compute the predicted supernova neutrino events in future detectors -- DUNE, Hyper-K, and JUNO -- for neutrinos emitted during the neutronization burst phase when the luminosity of $ν_e$ dominates the other flavors. We find that for a supernova occurring within 10 kpc, the difference in the event numbers with and without sterile neutrinos allows to exclude the sterile neutrino hypothesis at more than $99\%$ confidence level robustly. The derived constraints on sterile neutrinos mixing parameters are comparably better than the results from cosmology and on-going or proposed reactor experiments by more than two orders of magnitude in the $\sin^22θ_{14}$-$Δm_{41}^2$ plane.

24 pages, 12 figures, 4 tables