Statistical Behavior of Lepton Pair Spectrum in Drell-Yan Process and Signal from Quark-Gluon Plasma in High Energy Collisions

Abstract

We analyze the transverse momentum ($p_T$) spectra of lepton pairs ($\ell \bar{\ell }$) generated in the Drell-Yan process, as detected in proton-nucleus (pion-nucleus) and proton-(anti)proton collisions by ten collaborations over a center-of-mass energy ($\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ or $\sqrt{s}$ if in a simplified form) range from $\sim 20$ GeV to above 10 TeV. Three types of probability density functions (the convolution of two Lévy-Tsallis functions, the two-component Erlang distribution, and the convolution of two Hagedorn functions) are utilized to fit and analyze the $p_T$ spectra. The fit results are approximately in agreement with the collected experimental data. Consecutively, we obtained the variation law of related parameters as a function of $\sqrt{s}$ and invariant mass ($Q$). In the fit procedure, a given Lévy-Tsallis (or Hagedorn) function can be regarded as the probability density function of transverse momenta contributed by a single quark ($q$) or anti-quark ($\bar{q}$). The Drell-Yan process is then described by the statistical method.

arXiv comment19 pages, 7 figures. Advances in High Energy Physics, accepted

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