Parity nonconserving interactions of electrons in chiral molecules with cosmic fields

Abstract

Pseudoscalar or pseudovector cosmic fields, that serve as a source of parity ($\mathcal{P}$) violation, are invoked in different models for cold dark matter or in the standard model extension that allows for Lorentz invariance violation. A direct detection of the timelike-component of such fields requires a direct measurement of $\mathcal{P}$-odd potentials or their evolution over time. Herein, advantageous properties of chiral molecules, in which $\mathcal{P}$-odd potentials lead to resonance frequency differences between enantiomers, for direct detection of such $\mathcal{P}$-odd cosmic fields are demonstrated. Scaling behavior of electronic structure enhancements of such interactions with respect to nuclear charge number and the fine-structure constant is derived analytically. This allows a simple estimate of the effect sizes for arbitrary molecules. The analytical derivation is supported by quasi-relativistic numerical calculations in the molecules H${}_2$X${}_2$ and H${}_2$XO with X $=$ O, S, Se, Te, Po. Parity violating effects due to cosmic fields on the C--F stretching mode in CHBrClF are compared to electroweak parity violation and influences of non-separable anharmonic vibrational corrections are discussed. On this basis it was estimated from a twenty year old experiment with CHBrClF that bounds on Lorentz invariance violation as characterized by the parameter $|b_0^{\mathrm{e}}|$ can be pushed down to the order of $10^{-17}\mathrm{GeV}$ in modern experiments with suitably selected molecular system, which will be an improvement of the current best limits by at least two orders of magnitude. This serves to highlight the particular opportunities that precision spectroscopy of chiral molecules provides in the search for new physics beyond the standard model.

16 pages, 6 tables, 5 figures

References in corpus (9)

• Co-orbiting satellite galaxy structures are still in conflict with the distribution of primordial dwarf galaxies
• Progress toward a first observation of parity violation in chiral molecules by high-resolution laser spectroscopy
• Parity-violating interactions of cosmic fields with atoms, molecules, and nuclei: Concepts and calculations for laboratory searches and extracting limits
• Limiting P-odd interactions of cosmic fields with electrons, protons and neutrons
• Electron correlation and nuclear charge dependence of parity-violating properties in open-shell diatomic molecules
• A new experiment to test parity symmetry in cold chiral molecules using vibrational spectroscopy
• Chiral molecules as sensitive probes for direct detection of $\mathcal{P}$-odd cosmic fields
• A linear Stark shift in dressed atoms as a signal to measure a nuclear anapole moment with a cold atom fountain or interferometer
• Could dark matter or neutrinos discriminate between the enantiomers of a chiral molecule?

Cited by in corpus (8)

• Opportunities for Fundamental Physics Research with Radioactive Molecules
• Spin-dependent exotic interactions
• Observation and laser spectroscopy of ytterbium monomethoxide, YbOCH${}_3$
• Chiral molecules as sensitive probes for direct detection of $\mathcal{P}$-odd cosmic fields
• Quasi-relativistic approach to analytical gradients of parity violating potentials
• $\mathcal{C}\mathcal{P}$-violation sensitivity of closed-shell radium-containing polyatomic molecular ions
• On the role of true and false chirality in producing parity violating energy differences
• Chiral environment effects on the dynamics of a central chiral molecule