Anyonic molecules in atomic fractional quantum Hall liquids: a quantitative probe of fractional charge and anyonic statistics

Abstract

We study the quantum dynamics of massive impurities embedded in a strongly interacting two-dimensional atomic gas driven into the fractional quantum Hall (FQH) regime under the effect of a synthetic magnetic field. For suitable values of the atom-impurity interaction strength, each impurity can capture one or more quasi-hole excitations of the FQH liquid, forming a bound molecular state with novel physical properties. An effective Hamiltonian for such anyonic molecules is derived within the Born-Oppenheimer approximation, which provides renormalized values for their effective mass, charge and statistics by combining the finite mass of the impurity with the fractional charge and statistics of the quasi-holes. The renormalized mass and charge of a single molecule can be extracted from the cyclotron orbit that it describes as a free particle in a magnetic field. The anyonic statistics introduces a statistical phase between the direct and exchange scattering channels of a pair of indistinguishable colliding molecules, and can be measured from the angular position of the interference fringes in the differential scattering cross section. Implementations of such schemes beyond cold atomic gases are highlighted, in particular in photonic systems.

arXiv comment22 pages, 11 figures

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• Optical isolators based on non-reciprocal four-wave mixing
• Lattice Bose polarons at strong coupling and quantum criticality
• How to exploit driving and dissipation to stabilize and manipulate quantum many-body states
• Anyon-trions in atomically thin semiconductor heterostructures
• Measurable fractional spin for quantum Hall quasiparticles on the disk
• Finite temperature fermionic charge and current densities in conical space with a circular edge
• Dynamical signature of vortex mass in Fermi superfluids
• Sensing the binding and unbinding of anyons at impurities