Topological phases arising from attractive interaction and pair hopping in the Extended Hubbard Model

Abstract

The extended Hubbard model with an attractive density-density interaction, positive pair hopping, or both, is shown to host topological phases, with a doubly degenerate entanglement spectrum and interacting edge spins. This constitutes a novel instance of topological order which emerges from interactions. When the interaction terms combine in a charge-SU(2) symmetric fashion, a novel partially polarized pseudospin phase appears, in which the topological features of the spin degrees of freedom coexist with long-range $\eta$-wave superconductivity. Thus, our system provides an example of an interplay between spontaneous symmetry breaking and symmetry-protected topological order that leads to novel and unexpected properties.