Quantum-router: Storing and redirecting light at the photon level

Abstract

We propose a method for spatially re-routing single photons or light in a coherent state with small average photon number by purely electronic means, i.e. without using mechanical devices such as micro-mirror arrays. The method is based on mapping the quantum state of the incoming light onto a spin-wave in an atomic ensemble as is done in quantum memories of light. Then the wavevector of the spin-wave is modified in a controlled way by an applied magnetic field gradient. Finally, by re-applying the same control beam as for storing, the signal pulse is released in a new direction that depends on the deflected wavevector of the spin-wave. We show by numerical simulation that efficiencies can be achieved for arbitrary deflection angles in the plane that are comparable with simple photon storage and re-emission in forward direction, and propose a new method for eliminating the stored momentum as source of decoherence in the quantum memory. In a reasonable parameter regime, the re-routing should be achievable on a time-scale on the order of few to $\sim 100$ microseconds, depending on the deflection angle. The shifts in the wavevector that can be achieved using the Zeeman-effect, with otherwise minimal changes to the spin-wave, can also be used to complement existing ac-Stark spin-wave manipulation methods.

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