Fundamental dissipation due to bound fermions in the zero-temperature limit

Abstract

The ground state of a fermionic condensate is well protected against perturbations in the presence of an isotropic gap. Regions of gap suppression, surfaces and vortex cores which host Andreev-bound states, seemingly lift that strict protection. Here we show that the role of bound states is more subtle: when a macroscopic object moves in superfluid ${}^3$He at velocities exceeding the Landau critical velocity, little to no bulk pair breaking takes place, while the damping observed originates from the bound states covering the moving object. We identify two separate timescales that govern the bound state dynamics, one of them much longer than theoretically anticipated, and show that the bound states do not interact with bulk excitations.

10 pages, 4 figures

References in corpus (7)

• Signatures of Majorana fermions in hybrid superconductor-semiconductor nanowire devices
• Surface Majorana Cone of the Superfluid ${}^3$He B Phase
• Probing superfluid ${}^4\mathrm{He}$ with high-frequency nanomechanical resonators down to $\mathrm{mK}$ temperatures
• Detecting the "phonon wind" in superfluid ${}^4\mathrm{He}$ by a nanomechanical resonator
• Effect of boundary condition on Kapitza resistance between superfluid ${}^3$He-B and sintered metal
• Superfluid flow of polaron polaritons above Landau's critical velocity
• Nonlinear response of a ballistic graphene transistor with an ac-driven gate: high harmonic generation and THz detection

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• Thermal transport of helium-3 in a strongly confining channel
• Quantum vortices in fermionic superfluids: from ultracold atoms to neutron stars
• Design of a system for controlling a levitating sphere in superfluid ${}^3$He at extremely low temperatures
• Transport of bound quasiparticle states in a two-dimensional boundary superfluid
• Surface State Dissipation in Confined 3He-A
• Magnetic Susceptibility of Andreev Bound States in Superfluid ${}^3$He-B
• Vortex-mediated relaxation of magnon BEC into light Higgs quasiparticles
• Progress on levitating a sphere in cryogenic fluids
• Time crystal optomechanics
• Drag on Cylinders Moving in Superfluid 3He-B as the Dimension Spans the Coherence Length