Hidden symmetry and (super)conformal mechanics in a monopole background

Abstract

We study classical and quantum hidden symmetries of a particle with electric charge $e$ in the background of a Dirac monopole of magnetic charge $g$ subjected to an additional central potential $V(r)=U(r)+(eg{)}^2/2m{r}^2$ with $U(r)=\frac{1}{2}m{\omega }^2{r}^2$, similar to that in the one-dimensional conformal mechanics model of de Alfaro, Fubini and Furlan (AFF). By means of a non-unitary conformal bridge transformation, we establish a relation of the quantum states and of all symmetries of the system with those of the system without harmonic trap, $U(r)=0$. Introducing spin degrees of freedom via a very special spin-orbit coupling, we construct the $\mathfrak{osp}(2,2)$ superconformal extension of the system with unbroken $\mathcal{N}=2$ Poincaré supersymmetry and show that two different superconformal extensions of the one-dimensional AFF model with unbroken and spontaneously broken supersymmetry have a common origin. We also show a universal relationship between the dynamics of a Euclidean particle in an arbitrary central potential $U(r)$ and the dynamics of a charged particle in a monopole background subjected to the potential $V(r)$.

arXiv comment43 pages, 4 figures

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