Baldwin Effect and Additional BLR Component in AGN with Superluminal Jets

Abstract

We study the Baldwin Effect (BE) in 96 core-jet blazars with optical and ultraviolet spectroscopic data from a radio-loud AGN sample obtained from the MOJAVE 2 cm survey. A statistical analysis is presented of the equivalent widths ($W_{\lambda }$) of emission lines H$\beta \lambda$4861, Mg II\,$\lambda$2798, C IV\,$\lambda$1549, and continuum luminosities at 5100\,Å, 3000\,Å, and 1350\,Å. The BE is found statistically significant (with confidence level \textit{c.l.} $\ge$ 95\%) in H$\beta$ and C IV emission lines, while for Mg II the trend is slightly less significant (\textit{c.l.} = 94.5\%). The slopes of the BE in the studied samples for H$\beta$ and Mg II are found steeper and with statistically significant difference than those of a comparison radio-quiet sample. We present simulations of the expected BE slopes produced by the contribution to the total continuum of the non-thermal boosted emission from the relativistic jet, and by variability of the continuum components. We find that the slopes of the BE between radio-quiet and radio-loud AGN should not be different, under the assumption that the broad line is only being emitted by the canonical broad line region around the black hole. We discuss that the BE slope steepening in radio AGN is due to a jet associated broad-line region.

One column, 19 pages, 8 figures, 2 Tables, Published in Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences

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• Broad line region and black hole mass of PKS 1510-089 from spectroscopic reverberation mapping
• An extensive study of blazar broad emission line: Changing-look blazars and Baldwin effect
• Multiwavelength Analysis of the Variability of the Blazar 3C 273
• Multiwavelength analysis and the difference in the behavior of the spectral features during the 2010 and 2014 flaring periods of the blazar 3C 454.3
• Multiwavelength analysis and the C IV λ1549 Å emission line behavior from 2008 to 2020 of the FSRQ B2 1633+382
• The Relationship Between Emission Line and Continuum Luminosity and the Baldwin Effect in Blazars. I. The Case of the Mg II λ2798 Å Emission Line