Zero-point excitation of a circularly moving detector in an atomic condensate and phonon laser dynamical instabilities
arXiv:2001.08646 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.042009
Abstract
We study a circularly moving impurity in an atomic condensate for the realisation of superradiance phenomena in tabletop experiments. The impurity is coupled to the density fluctuations of the condensate and, in a quantum field theory language, it serves as an analog of a detector for the quantum phonon field. For sufficiently large rotation speeds, the zero-point fluctuations of the phonon field induce a sizeable excitation rate of the detector even when the condensate is initially at rest in its ground state. For spatially confined condensates and harmonic detectors, such a superradiant emission of sound waves provides a dynamical instability mechanism leading to a new concept of phonon lasing. Following an analogy with the theory of rotating black holes, our results suggest a promising avenue to quantum simulate basic interaction processes involving fast moving detectors in curved space-times.
arXiv comment5+9 pages, 3 figures; version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Research Rapid Communications
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