Giant Amplification of Small Perturbations in Frictional Amorphous Solid
arXiv:2001.06862 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.101.062902
Abstract
Catastrophic events in Nature can be often triggered by small perturbations, with "remote triggering" of earthquakes being an important example. Here we present a mechanism for the giant amplification of small perturbations that is expected to be generic in systems whose dynamics is not derivable from a Hamiltonian. We offer a general discussion of the typical instabilities involved (being oscillatory with an exponential increase of noise) and examine in detail the normal forms that determine the relevant dynamics. The high sensitivity to external perturbations is explained for systems with and without dissipation. Numerical examples are provided using the dynamics of frictional granular matter. Finally we point out the relationship of the presently discussed phenomenon to the highly topical issue of "exceptional points" in quantum models with non-Hermitian Hamiltonians.
arXiv comment9 pages, o table, and 8 figures
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- Eigenvalue analysis of stress-strain curve of two-dimensional amorphous solids of dispersed frictional grains with finite shear strain
- Theory of rigidity and numerical analysis of density of states of two-dimensional amorphous solids with dispersed frictional grains in the linear response regime
- Generic Mechanism for Remote Triggering of Earthquakes