Global Existence for a Kinetic Model of Pattern Formation with Density-suppressed Motilities

Abstract

In this paper, we consider global existence of classical solutions to the following kinetic model of pattern formation \begin{equation} \begin{cases} u_t=Δ(γ(v)u)+μu(1-u) -Δv+v=u \end{cases} \qquad (0.1) \end{equation}in a smooth bounded domain $\Omega \subset {\mathbb{R}}^n$, $n\ge 1$ with no-flux boundary conditions. Here, $\mu \ge 0$ is any given constant. The function $\gamma (\cdot )$ represents a signal-dependent diffusion motility and is decreasing in $v$ which models a density-suppressed motility in process of stripe pattern formation through self-trapping mechanism [8,20]. The major difficulty in analysis lies in the possible degeneracy of diffusion as $v\nearrow +\infty .$ In the present contribution, based on a subtle observation of the nonlinear structure, we develop a new method to rule out finite-time degeneracy in any spatial dimension for all smooth motility function satisfying $\gamma (v)>0$ and ${\gamma }^{\prime }(v)\le 0$ for $v\ge 0$. Then we prove global existence of classical solution for (0.1) in the two-dimensional setting with any $\mu \ge 0$. Moreover, the global solution is proven to be uniform-in-time bounded if either $1/\gamma$ satisfies certain polynomial growth condition or $\mu >0.$ Besides, we pay particular attention to the specific case $\gamma (v)=e^{-v}$ with $\mu =0$. A novel critical phenomenon in the two-dimensional setting is observed where blowup takes place in infinite time rather than finite time in our model.

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• Comparison Methods for a Keller--Segel-type Model of Pattern Formations with Density-suppressed Motilities