Large-scale patterns of galaxy spin rotation show cosmological-scale parity violation and multipoles

Abstract

The distribution of spin direction of ~6.4*10^4 spiral galaxies with spectra was examined. The analysis shows a statistically significant cosmological-scale asymmetry between galaxies with opposite spin direction. The data also reveals that the asymmetry changes with the direction of observation, and with the redshift. The redshift dependence shows that the distribution of the spin direction of galaxies becomes more homogeneous as the redshift gets higher. The data also show photometric differences between galaxies with opposite spin patterns. When normalizing the data by the redshift, the photometric asymmetry is eliminated. However, when normalizing the data by the magnitude, statistically significant differences in the redshift remain. These evidence suggest a violation of the cosmological isotropy and homogeneity assumptions. Fitting the distribution of the galaxy spin directions to a quadrupole alignment provides fitness with statistical significance >5 sigma, which grows to >8 sigma when just galaxies with $z>0.15$ are used. The data analysis process is fully automatic, and it is based on deterministic and symmetric algorithms with defined rules. It does not involve neither manual analysis of the data that can lead to human perceptual bias, nor machine learning that can capture human biases or other subtle differences that are difficult to identify due to the complex and non-intuitive nature of machine learning processes.

To be submitted. Comments welcome

References in corpus (8)

• Cosmic Microwave Background Quadrupole and Ellipsoidal Universe
• Galaxy Zoo: The large-scale spin statistics of spiral galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• Anisotropic Cosmological Constant and the CMB Quadrupole Anomaly
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• A Complete Statistical Analysis for the Quadrupole Amplitude in an Ellipsoidal Universe
• Photometric asymmetry between clockwise and counterclockwise spiral galaxies in SDSS
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Cited by in corpus (2)

• Reanalysis of the spin direction distribution of Galaxy Zoo SDSS spiral galaxies
• Analysis of $\sim 10^6$ spiral galaxies from four telescopes shows large-scale patterns of asymmetry in galaxy spin directions