On the structure of submodule of finitely generated module over PID

Abstract

Consider $\mathbb{Z}/8\mathbb{Z}\oplus \mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$, and the subgroup generated by $(2,1)$, it is a subgroup isomorphic to $\mathbb{Z}/4\mathbb{Z}$. If my theorem holds, it must contained in a cyclic group generated by some element of order $8$ which is impossible. The error in 4.2 is because "preimage" do not preserce the image of $[x\mapsto px]$.

arXiv commentLemma 4.2 is wrong, and there is a counterexample of my result