Local Manipulation and Measurement of Nonlocal Many-Body Operators in Lattice Gauge Theory Quantum Simulators

Abstract

Lattice Gauge Theories form a very successful framework for studying nonperturbative gauge field physics, in particular in Quantum Chromodynamics. Recently, their quantum simulation on atomic and solid-state platforms has been discussed, aiming at overcoming some of the difficulties still faced by the conventional approaches (such as the sign problem and real time evolution). While the actual implementations of a lattice gauge theory on a quantum simulator may differ in terms of the simulating system and its properties, they are all directed at studying similar physical phenomena, requiring the measurement of nonlocal observables, due to the local symmetry of gauge theories. In this work, general schemes for measuring such nonlocal observables (Wilson loops and mesonic string operators) in general lattice gauge theory quantum simulators that are based merely on local operations are proposed.

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• Search for Efficient Formulations for Hamiltonian Simulation of non-Abelian Lattice Gauge Theories
• Quantum Simulation of Light-Front Parton Correlators
• Photon-mediated Stroboscopic Quantum Simulation of a ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ Lattice Gauge Theory
• Simulating 2+1d ${\mathbb{Z}}_3$ lattice gauge theory with iPEPS
• From the Jaynes-Cummings model to non-Abelian gauge theories: a guided tour for the quantum engineer
• Resource-Efficient Quantum Simulation of Lattice Gauge Theories in Arbitrary Dimensions: Solving for Gauss' Law and Fermion Elimination
• Simulating ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ Lattice Gauge Theory with the Variational Quantum Thermalizer
• Circuit-based digital adiabatic quantum simulation and pseudoquantum simulation as new approaches to lattice gauge theory
• Neural-Shadow Quantum State Tomography
• Partonic distribution functions and amplitudes using tensor network methods