Methods for Preparing Quantum Gases of Lithium

Abstract

Lithium is an important element in atomic quantum gas experiments because its interactions are highly tunable, due to broad Feshbach resonances and zero-crossings, and because it has two stable isotopes, ${}^6$Li, a fermion, and ${}^7$Li, a boson. Although lithium has special value for these reasons, it also presents experimental challenges. In this article, we review some of the methods that have been developed or adapted to confront these challenges, including beam and vapor sources, Zeeman slowers, sub-Doppler laser cooling, laser sources at 671 nm, and all-optical methods for trapping and cooling. Additionally, we provide spectral diagrams of both ${}^6$Li and ${}^7$Li, and present plots of Feshbach resonances for both isotopes.

30 pages, 8 figures

References in corpus (40)

• Feshbach Resonances in Ultracold Gases
• Formation and Propagation of Matter Wave Soliton Trains
• Observation of resonance condensation of fermionic atom pairs
• Formation of a Matter-Wave Bright Soliton
• Condensation of Pairs of Fermionic Atoms Near a Feshbach Resonance
• Observation of a Strongly-Interacting Degenerate Fermi Gas of Atoms
• A quasi-pure Bose-Einstein condensate immersed in a Fermi sea
• Evidence for Superfluidity in a Resonantly Interacting Fermi Gas
• Crossover from a molecular Bose-Einstein condensate to a degenerate Fermi gas
• Bose--Einstein solitons in highly asymmetric traps
• Precise determination of ${}^6$Li cold collision parameters by radio-frequency spectroscopy on weakly bound molecules
• Variational calculations of dispersion coefficients for interactions between H, He, and Li atoms
• All-Optical Production of a Degenerate Fermi Gas
• Extreme tunability of interactions in a ${}^7$Li Bose-Einstein condensate
• Precise characterization of ^6Li Feshbach resonances using trap-sideband resolved RF spectroscopy of weakly bound molecules
• Atom-molecule coherence in Bose gases
• Elastic and inelastic collisions of 6Li in magnetic and optical traps
• Sympathetic cooling of bosonic and fermionic Lithium gases towards quantum degeneracy
• Critical number of atoms for attractive Bose-Einstein condensates with cylindrically symmetrical traps
• Λ-enhanced Sub-Doppler Cooling of Lithium Atoms in D1 Gray Molasses
• Measurement of the Zero Crossing in a Feshbach Resonance of Fermionic 6-Li
• All-Optical Production of a Lithium Quantum Gas Using Narrow-Line Laser Cooling
• Ultrastable CO2 Laser Trapping of Lithium Fermions
• Efficient all-optical production of large ${}^6$Li quantum gases using D${}_1$ gray-molasses cooling
• Finite range corrections near a Feshbach resonance and their role in the Efimov effect
• Simultaneous Magneto-Optical Trapping of Two Lithium Isotopes
• Magnetic field control of elastic scattering in a cold gas of fermionic lithium atoms
• Non-destructive Faraday imaging of dynamically controlled ultracold atoms
• Low-temperature, high-density magneto-optical trapping of potassium using the open 4S-5P transition at 405 nm
• Study of Efimov physics in two nuclear-spin sublevels of 7Li
• Magic wavelengths for optical cooling and trapping of lithium
• Effusive Atomic Oven Nozzle Design Using an Aligned Microcapillary Array
• Tapered-amplified AR-coated laser diodes for Potassium and Rubidium atomic-physics experiments
• Trapping Fermionic ${}^{40}$K and Bosonic ${}^{87}$Rb on a Chip
• Bright solitary waves and trapped solutions in Bose-Einstein condensates with attractive interactions
• In-Situ Dual-Port Polarization Contrast Imaging of Faraday Rotation in a High Optical Depth Ultracold 87Rb Atomic Ensemble
• Sisyphus Cooling of Lithium
• All-optical production of ${}^6\text{Li}$ molecular BEC in excited hyperfine levels
• All-Optical Production of quantum degeneracy and molecular BEC of ${}^6$Li
• Comparison of an efficient implementation of gray molasses to narrow-line cooling for the all-optical production of a lithium quantum gas

Cited by in corpus (18)

• Spin-charge separation in a 1D Fermi gas with tunable interactions
• Creation and Characterization of Matter-Wave Breathers
• Collisional loss of one-dimensional fermions near a $p$-wave Feshbach resonance
• Precise Programmable Quantum Simulations with Optical Lattices
• Analog vacuum decay from vacuum initial conditions
• Experimental setup for studying an ultracold mixture of trapped Yb${}^{+}$-${}^6$Li
• Dissipative pure-optical trap for laser cooling and trapping of neutral atoms
• A stable 671 nm external cavity diode laser with output power exceeding 150 mW suitable for laser cooling of lithium atoms
• Programmable Hamiltonian engineering with quadratic quantum Fourier transform
• The neutron returning time in a linear potential
• Spatial and Temporal Periodic Density Patterns in Driven Bose-Einstein Condensates
• Feshbach resonances in an ultracold ${}^7$Li-${}^{133}$Cs Bose-Bose mixture
• Efficient cooling of high-angular-momentum atoms
• A versatile apparatus for simultaneous trapping of multiple species of ultracold atoms and ions to enable studies of low energy collisions and cold chemistry
• A phase microscope for quantum gases
• High-flux cold lithium-6 and rubidium-87 atoms from compact two-dimensional magneto-optical traps
• Permanent magnet based Zeeman slower for lithium atoms
• Efficient water-cooled Bitter-type electromagnet for Zeeman slowing in cold-atom experiments