Cool-Core Cycles and Phoenix

Abstract

Recent observations show that the star formation rate (SFR) in the {\it Phoenix} cluster's central galaxy is $\sim 500$ M${}_{\odot }$ yr${}^{-1}$. Even though {\it Phoenix} is a massive cluster ($M_{200}\approx 2.0\times 10^{15}$ M${}_{\odot }$; $z\approx 0.6$) such a high central SFR is not expected in a scenario in which feedback from an active galactic nucleus (AGN) maintains the intracluster medium (ICM) in a state of rough thermal balance. It has been argued that either AGN feedback saturates in very massive clusters or the central supermassive black hole (SMBH) is too small to produce enough kinetic feedback and hence is unable to quench the catastrophic cooling. In this work, we present an alternate scenario wherein intense short-lived cooling and star formation phases followed by strong AGN outbursts are part of the AGN feedback loop. Using results from a 3D hydrodynamic simulation of a standard cool-core cluster ($M_{200}\sim 7\times 10^{14}$ M${}_{\odot }$; $z=0$), scaled to account for differences in mass and redshift, we argue that {\it Phoenix} is at the end of a cooling phase in which an AGN outburst has begun but has not yet arrested core cooling. This state of high cooling rate and star formation is expected to last for $\lesssim$ 100 Myr in {\it Phoenix}.

arXiv comment6 pages, 5 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS

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Cited by in corpus (11)

• Baryon Cycles in the Biggest Galaxies
• Gas condensation in Brightest Group Galaxies unveiled with MUSE
• Fountains and storms: The role of AGN and mergers in disrupting the cool-core in the RomulusC simulation
• Cooling flows around cold clouds in the circumgalactic medium: steady-state models & comparison with TNG50
• The Clusters Hiding in Plain Sight (CHiPS) survey: Complete sample of extreme BCG clusters
• Molecular gas along the old radio jets of the cluster-central type 2 quasar IRAS 09104+4109
• SPT-CL J2215-3537: A Massive Starburst at the Center of the Most Distant Relaxed Galaxy Cluster
• Directly Imaging the Cooling Flow in the Phoenix Cluster
• The Case for Hot-Mode Accretion in Abell 2029
• Cosmological evolution of gas and supermassive black holes in idealized isolated halos
• Testing the Limits of AGN Feedback and the Onset of Thermal Instability in the Most Rapidly Star Forming Brightest Cluster Galaxies