NGTS-10b: The shortest period hot Jupiter yet discovered

Abstract

We report the discovery of a new ultra-short period transiting hot Jupiter from the Next Generation Transit Survey (NGTS). NGTS-10b has a mass and radius of $2.162{}_{-0.107}^{+0.092}$ M${}_{\mathrm{J}}$ and $1.205{}_{-0.083}^{+0.117}$ R${}_{\mathrm{J}}$ and orbits its host star with a period of $0.7668944\pm 0.0000003$ days, making it the shortest period hot Jupiter yet discovered. The host is a $10.4\pm 2.5$ Gyr old K5V star ($T_{\mathrm{eff}}$=$4400\pm 100$\,K) of Solar metallicity ([Fe/H] = $-0.02\pm 0.12$\,dex) showing moderate signs of stellar activity. NGTS-10b joins a short list of ultra-short period Jupiters that are prime candidates for the study of star-planet tidal interactions. NGTS-10b orbits its host at just $1.46\pm 0.18$ Roche radii, and we calculate a median remaining inspiral time of $38$\,Myr and a potentially measurable transit time shift of $7$\,seconds over the coming decade, assuming a stellar tidal quality factor $Q_{\mathrm{s}}^{\prime }=2\times 10^7$.

16 pages, 19 figures and 5 tables. Submitted 27 Sept 2019. Accepted 10 Jan 2020. Published 20 Feb 2020