Spectral fingerprints of the non-linear dynamics of driven superconductors with dissipation

Abstract

We study the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of a BCS superconductor in the presence of a periodic drive with a frequency ${\omega }_d$ larger than the equilibrium superconducting gap and an external bath providing dissipation. Similar to the dissipationless case, a subset of quasiparticles, resonant with the drive, synchronizes and produces interesting non-linear phenomena. For small dissipation Rabi-Higgs oscillations [Collado et al. Phys. Rev. B 98, 214519 (2018)] can be observed as a transient effect. At long-times in contrast, dissipation leads to a steady state with a population imbalance that increases quadratically for small drives and saturates for large drives as in non-linear quantum optics. We show also that second harmonic generation is allowed for a drive which acts on the BCS coupling constant. We also compute the intensity of time- and angle-resolved photo-emission spectroscopy (tr-ARPES) and time-resolved tunneling spectra. The excited quasiparticle population appears as a decrease (increase) in the photo-emission intensity at energy $-{\omega }_d/2$ ($+{\omega }_d/2$) measured from the chemical potential. The tunneling intensity shows a time-dependent depression at $\pm {\omega }_d/2$ due to the lacking of spectral density and population unbalance causing Pauli blockade. We predict that at short times, compared to the energy relaxation time, both experiments will show oscillations with the Rabi-Higgs frequency.

11 pages, 8 figures

References in corpus (11)

• Driven quantum transport on the nanoscale
• Nonlinear lattice dynamics as a basis for enhanced superconductivity in YBa2Cu3O6.5
• Dynamical phase transition in correlated fermionic lattice systems
• The `Higgs' Amplitude Mode at the Two-Dimensional Superfluid-Mott Insulator Transition
• Theoretical description of time-resolved photoemission spectroscopy: application to pump-probe experiments
• Pinning quantum phase transition for a Luttinger liquid of strongly interacting bosons
• Synchronization in the BCS Pairing Dynamics as a Critical Phenomenon
• Optically induced superconductivity in striped La2-xBaxCuO4 by polarization-selective excitation in the near infrared
• Higgs mode in a strongly interacting fermionic superfluid
• Thermodynamic properties of the Dynes superconductors
• Fate of dynamical phases of a BCS superconductor beyond the dissipationless regimen

Cited by in corpus (2)

• Emergence of Larkin-Ovchinnikov-type superconducting state in a voltage-driven superconductor
• Low-frequency and Moiré Floquet engineering: a review