Gaussian-like and flat-top solitons of atoms with spatially modulated repulsive interactions

Abstract

Solitons, nonlinear particle-like excitations with inalterable properties (amplitude, shape, and velocity) as they propagate, are omnipresent in many branches of science---and in physics in particular. Flat-top solitons are a novel type of bright solitons that have not been well explored in pure nonlinear media. Here, a model of nonlinear Kerr (cubic) media of ultracold atoms with spatially modulated repulsive interactions is proposed and shown to support a vast variety of stable flat-top matter-wave solitons, including one-dimensional (1D) flat-top fundamental and multipole solitons, two-dimensional (2D) flat-top fundamental and vortex solitons. We demonstrate that by varying the relevant physical parameters (nonlinearity coefficient and chemical potential) the ordinary bright (gaussian) solitons can transform into the novel flat-top solitons. The (in-)stability domains of the flat-top soliton families are checked by means of linear stability analysis and reconfirmed by direct numerical simulations. This model is generic in the contexts of nonlinear optics and Bose-Einstein condensates, which provide direct experimental access to observe the predicted solutions.

7 pages, 8 figures

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Cited by in corpus (7)

• One-dimensional gap solitons in quintic and cubic-quintic Fractional nonlinear Schrödinger equations with a periodically modulated linear potential
• Families of fundamental and multipole solitons in a cubic-quintic nonlinear lattice in fractional dimension
• Quadratic fractional solitons
• Bubbles and W-shaped solitons in Kerr media with fractional diffraction
• Flat-floor bubbles, dark solitons, and vortices stabilized by inhomogeneous nonlinear media
• Reflectionless potentials and resonant scattering of flat-top and thin-top solitons
• Phase-controlled elastic, inelastic, and coalescent collisions of two-dimensional flat-top solitons