ISCOs and OSCOs in the presence of positive cosmological constant
arXiv:1909.06755 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.101.024050
Abstract
Normally one thinks of the observed cosmological constant as being so small that it can be utterly neglected on typical astrophysical scales, only affecting extremely large-scale cosmology at Gigaparsec scales. Indeed, in those situations where the cosmological constant only has a quantitative influence on the physics, a separation of scales argument guarantees the effect is indeed negligible. The exception to this argument arises when the presence of a cosmological constant qualitatively changes the physics. One example of this phenomenon is the existence of outermost stable circular orbits (OSCOs) in the presence of a positive cosmological constant. Remarkably the size of these OSCOs are of a magnitude to be astrophysically interesting. For instance: for galactic masses the OSCOs are of order the inter-galactic spacing, for galaxy cluster masses the OSCOs are of order the size of the cluster.
arXiv commentV1: 14 pages; V2: four references added, minor rephrasing, no change in physics conclusions; V3: now 20 pages; four more references added; extra discussion regarding Paczynski-Wiita potential and Jeans scale. Closely corresponds to published version
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