Anisotropic bootstrap percolation in three dimensions

Abstract

Consider a $p$-random subset $A$ of initially infected vertices in the discrete cube $[L{]}^3$, and assume that the neighbourhood of each vertex consists of the $a_i$ nearest neighbours in the $\pm e_i$-directions for each $i\in \{1,2,3\}$, where $a_1\le a_2\le a_3$. Suppose we infect any healthy vertex $x\in [L{]}^3$ already having $a_3+1$ infected neighbours, and that infected sites remain infected forever. In this paper we determine the critical length for percolation up to a constant factor in the exponent, for all triples $(a_1,a_2,a_3)$. To do so, we introduce a new algorithm called the beams process and prove an exponential decay property for a family of subcritical two-dimensional bootstrap processes.

25 pages, 4 figures