Long-time asymptotics for the integrable nonlocal focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation for a family of step-like initial data

Abstract

We study the Cauchy problem for the integrable nonlocal focusing nonlinear Schrödinger (NNLS) equation $i{q}_t(x,t)+q_{xx}(x,t)+2q^2(x,t)\bar{q}(-x,t)=0$ with the step-like initial data close to the ``shifted step function'' ${\chi }_R(x)=AH(x-R)$, where $H(x)$ is the Heaviside step function, and $A>0$ and $R>0$ are arbitrary constants. Our main aim is to study the large-$t$ behavior of the solution of this problem. We show that for $R\in \left(\frac{(2n-1)\pi }{2A},\frac{(2n+1)\pi }{2A}\right)$, $n=1,2,\dots$, the $(x,t)$ plane splits into $4n+2$ sectors exhibiting different asymptotic behavior. Namely, there are $2n+1$ sectors where the solution decays to $0$, whereas in the other $2n+1$ sectors (alternating with the sectors with decay), the solution approaches (different) constants along each ray $x/t=const$. Our main technical tool is the representation of the solution of the Cauchy problem in terms of the solution of an associated matrix Riemann-Hilbert problem and its subsequent asymptotic analysis following the ideas of nonlinear steepest descent method.

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