UVIT Open Cluster Study. I. Detection of a White Dwarf Companion to a Blue Straggler in M67: Evidence of Formation through Mass Transfer

Abstract

The old open cluster M67, populated with blue straggler stars (BSSs), is a well known test bed to study the BSS formation pathways. Here, we report the first direct detection of a white dwarf (WD) companion to a BSS in M67, using far-UV images from the \textit{Ultra Violet Imaging telescope} ({\it UVIT}) on {\it ASTROSAT}. Near-simultaneous observations in three far-UV bands combined with {\it GALEX}, {\it IUE}, ground and space based photometric data covering 0.14 -11.5 $\hat{I}¼$m range for WOCS1007 were found to require a binary fit to its spectral energy distribution (SED), consisting of a BSS and a hot companion. On the other hand, a single spectral fit was found to be satisfactory for the SEDs of two other BSSs, WOCS1006 and WOCS2011, with the latter showing a deficient far-UV flux. The hot companion of WOCS1007 is found to have a T${}_{eff}$ $\sim$ 13250-13750K and a radius of 0.09$\pm$0.01 R${}_{\odot }$. A comparison with WD models suggests it to be a low mass WD ($\sim$ 0.18$M_{\odot }$), in agreement with the kinematic mass from the literature. As a low mass WD ($<$ 0.4$M_{\odot }$) necessitates formation through mass transfer (MT) in close binaries, WOCS1007 with a known period of 4.2 days along with its fast rotation, is likely to be formed by a case A or case B binary evolution.

11 pages, 4 figures, Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal