Some $q$-exponential formulas involving the double lowering operator $\psi$ for a tridiagonal pair

Abstract

Let $\mathbb{K}$ denote an algebraically closed field and let $V$ denote a vector space over $\mathbb{K}$ with finite positive dimension. Let $A,A^{\ast }$ denote a tridiagonal pair on $V$. We assume that $A,A^{\ast }$ belongs to a family of tridiagonal pairs said to have $q$-Racah type. Let $\{U_i{\}}_{i=0}^d$ and $\{U_i^{\Downarrow }{\}}_{i=0}^d$ denote the first and second split decompositions of $V$. In an earlier paper we introduced a double lowering operator $\psi :V\to V$ with the notable feature that both $\psi U_i\subseteq U_{i-1}$ and $\psi U_i^{\Downarrow }\subseteq U_{i-1}^{\Downarrow }$ for $0\le i\le d$, where $U_{-1}=0$ and $U_{-1}^{\Downarrow }=0$. In the same paper, we showed that there exists a unique linear transformation $\Delta :V\to V$ such that $\Delta (U_i)\subseteq U_i^{\Downarrow }$ and $(\Delta -I)U_i\subseteq U_0+U_1+\cdots +U_{i-1}$ for $0\le i\le d$. In the present paper, we show that $\Delta$ can be expressed as a product of two linear transformations; one is a $q$-exponential in $\psi$ and the other is a $q^{-1}$-exponential in $\psi$. We view $\Delta$ as a transition matrix from the first split decomposition of $V$ to the second. Consequently, we view the $q^{-1}$-exponential in $\psi$ as a transition matrix from the first split decomposition to a decomposition of $V$ which we interpret as a kind of halfway point. This halfway point turns out to be the eigenspace decomposition of a certain linear transformation $\mathcal{M}$. We discuss the eigenspace decomposition of $\mathcal{M}$ and give the actions of various operators on this decomposition.

25 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1307.7410