Steering heat engines: a truly quantum Maxwell demon

Abstract

We address the question of verifying the quantumness of thermal machines. A Szilárd engine is truly quantum if its work output cannot be described by a local hidden state (LHS) model, i. e. an objective local statistical ensemble. Quantumness in this scenario is revealed by a steering-type inequality which bounds the classically extractable work. A quantum Maxwell demon can violate that inequality by exploiting quantum correlations between the work medium and the thermal environment. While for a classical Szilárd engine an objective description of the medium always exists, any such description can be ruled out by a steering task in a truly quantum case.

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• Dynamics of a strongly coupled quantum heat engine -- computing bath observables from the hierarchy of pure states
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• Quantum entanglement and extractable work for Gaussian states
• General quantum resources providing advantages in work-extraction tasks