Electron Correlation in the Lanthanides: $4f^2$ spectrum of Ce${}^{2+}$

Abstract

Atoms and ions of Lanthanides have multiple opens shells along with an open $4f^k$ subshell. This paper studies the effect of electron correlation in such systems and how wave functions can be determined for the accurate prediction of atomic properties in the case of Ce${}^{2+}$ where $k=2$, using the multireference single- and double-excitation method. An efficient higher-order method is recommended for more reliable results.

9 pages, 1 figure

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