Microring resonators on a membrane optical circuit for atom-light interactions

Abstract

We describe the design and fabrication of a scalable atom-light photonic interface based on a silicon nitride microring resonator on a transparent silicon dioxide-nitride multi-layer membrane. This new photonic platform is fully compatible with freespace cold atom laser cooling, stable trapping, and sorting at around $100$nm from the microring surface, permitting the formation of an organized, strongly interacting atom-photonic hybrid lattice. We demonstrate small radius ($R\sim$16$\mu$m) microring and racetrack resonators with a high quality factor $Q=3.2\times 10^5$, projecting a single atom cooperativity parameter of $C=25$ and a vacuum Rabi frequency of $2g=2\pi \times 340$MHz for trapped cesium atoms interacting with a microring resonator mode. We show that the quality factor is currently limited by the surface roughness of the multi-layer membrane, grown using low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) processes. We discuss possible further improvements to a quality factor above $Q>5\times 10^6$, potentially achieving single atom cooperativity parameter of $C>500$ for strong single atom-photon coupling.

15 pages, 12 figures

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